Kejadian 8:17

8:17 Bring out with you all the living creatures that are with you. Bring out ¹  every living thing, including the birds, animals, and every creeping thing that creeps on the earth. Let them increase ²  and be fruitful and multiply on the earth!” ³ 

Kejadian 7:4

7:4 For in seven days ⁴  I will cause it to rain ⁵  on the earth for forty days and forty nights, and I will wipe from the face of the ground every living thing that I have made.”

Kejadian 9:10

9:10 and with every living creature that is with you, including the birds, the domestic animals, and every living creature of the earth with you, all those that came out of the ark with you – every living creature of the earth. ⁶ 

Kejadian 28:14

28:14 Your descendants will be like the dust of the earth, ⁷  and you will spread out ⁸  to the west, east, north, and south. All the families of the earth will pronounce blessings on one another ⁹  using your name and that of your descendants. ¹⁰ 

[8:17]  ¹ tn The words “bring out” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[8:17]  ² tn Following the Hiphil imperative, “bring out,” the three perfect verb forms with vav (ו) consecutive carry an imperatival nuance. For a discussion of the Hebrew construction here and the difficulty of translating it into English, see S. R. Driver, A Treatise on the Use of the Tenses in Hebrew, 124-25.

[8:17]  ³ tn Heb “and let them swarm in the earth and be fruitful and multiply on the earth.”

[7:4]  ⁴ tn Heb “for seven days yet,” meaning “after [or “in”] seven days.”

[7:4]  ⁵ tn The Hiphil participle מַמְטִיר (mamtir, “cause to rain”) here expresses the certainty of the act in the imminent future.

[9:10]  ⁶ tn The verbal repetition is apparently for emphasis.

[28:14]  ⁷ tn This is the same Hebrew word translated “ground” in the preceding verse.

[28:14]  ⁸ tn The verb is singular in the Hebrew; Jacob is addressed as the representative of his descendants.

[28:14]  ⁹ tn Theoretically the Niphal stem can be translated either as passive or reflexive/reciprocal. (The Niphal of “bless” is only used in formulations of the Abrahamic covenant. See Gen 12:2; 18:18; 28:14.) Traditionally the verb is taken as passive here, as if Jacob were going to be a channel or source of blessing. But in other formulations of the Abrahamic covenant (see Gen 22:18; 26:4) the Hitpael replaces this Niphal form, suggesting a translation “will bless (i.e., pronounce blessings upon) themselves/one another.” The Hitpael of “bless” is used with a reflexive/reciprocal sense in Deut 29:18; Ps 72:17; Isa 65:16; Jer 4:2. Gen 28:14 predicts that Jacob will be held up as a paradigm of divine blessing and that people will use his name in their blessing formulae (see Gen 12:2 and 18:18 as well, where Abram/Abraham receives this promise). For examples of blessing formulae utilizing an individual as an example of blessing see Gen 48:20 and Ruth 4:11.

[28:14]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and they will pronounce blessings by you, all the families of the earth, and by your offspring.”